Would a nak only protocol be preferable to a protocol that uses acks why?

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It will send one and assume it has arrived unless a NAK is returned. In the case of a NAK return, it is sent until no more NAK is received. If the sender has a lot of data to send and the end-to-end connection experiences few losses, NAK would still be a better choice.

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With the SR protocol, it is possible for the sender to get an ACK for a packet that falls outside of its current window. b. With GBN it is possible for the sender to get an ACK for a packet that is outside of its current window. c. The alternating bit protocol is the same as the SR protocol with a sender and receiver window size of 1.

Host A sends a huge file to Host B over a TCP connection. There is never any packet loss over this connection and the timers never expire. Denote the transmission rate of the connection connecting Host A to the Internet by R bps. Suppose the process in Host A can send data to its TCP socket at a rate of S bps, where S = 10 x R.

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The alternating bit protocol is the same as the SR protocol with a sender and receiver window size of 1. d. The alternating bit protocol is the same as the GBN protocol with a sender and receiver window size of 1. a) True. Suppose the sender has a window size of 3 and sends packets 1, 2, 3 at t0.

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What is a cumulative acknowledgment ack n )?

Cumulative acknowledgment is a process in which the receiver sends a single acknowledgment in response to a limited number of frames received. By doing this, the receiver confirms that it has received all previous frames or packets correctly.

What does ACK NAK mean?

Would have been meaning?

What is the difference between ACK and NACK?

An acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK) is a short message that the receiver sends to the sender to indicate whether a data packet was received correctly or incorrectly. … If the ACK doesn’t reach the sender before the timeout, the sender resends the same packet.

Can an application enjoy reliable data transmission even if the application is running over UDP, if yes how, if not why not?

Can an application enjoy reliable data transmission even if the application runs over UDP? … So the application developer can build reliable data transmission into the application layer protocol, which requires a significant work and debugging effort on the part of the developer.

What is the benefit of cumulative ACKS?

Cumulative acknowledgment is used in conjunction with sliding window protocols. It reduces the time and bandwidth wasted on sending acknowledgments.

Why might an application developer choose to run an application over UDP instead of TCP?

For example, if an application developer decides to use UDP, the main reason is that the application will be communicating directly using IP. … Note that with UDP there is no handshaking between sending and receiving, which is why it is known as a connectionless service. This makes it a fast and good option over TCP.

Which protocol has no confirmation?

Discussion forumQue.If no acknowledgment has arrived for a frame in the _________log, we resend any outstanding frames.b.Go-Back-N ARQc.Selective-Repeat ARQd.none of the above responses:Go-Back-N ARQ

Why is an ACK-based protocol typically preferred over a NAK-based protocol?

Explain why an ACK based protocol is usually preferred over a NAK= based protocol. Suppose a NAK is sent only when a packet arrives out of order. …Either the sender has to time out anyway, which requires ACKs, or some zero-data padding packets have to be sent during idle times. Both are distressing.

Can an application enjoy reliable data transmission even if the application runs over UDP, if so how quizlet?

Can an application enjoy reliable data transmission even if the application runs over UDP? If so, how? Yes. The application developer can include reliable data transmission in the application layer protocol.

What is the difference between cumulative confirmation and selective confirmation?

In the cumulative acknowledgment scheme, multiple discarded segments generally cause TCP to lose its ACK-based clock, reducing overall throughput. Selective acknowledgment (SACK) is a strategy that corrects this behavior in the face of multiple missed segments.

What is the difference between ACK and NAK?

NAK or “negative acknowledgment” is a log message sent when something went wrong. … ACK or “Acknowledgment” is a log message meaning “okay, got it, next…”. NAK and ACK can be used together, but more often than not their use anchors two fundamentally different methods of communication.

What is the difference between an ACK and a NAK?

What is NAK in banking?

Negative acknowledgment (NAK or NACK) is a signal sent to reject a previously received message or to indicate an error.

What is NAK in networking?

NACK or NAK, an acronym for negative acknowledgment or unacknowledged, is a signal used by computers or other devices to indicate that data transmitted over a network was received with errors or was otherwise unreadable. … If a signal is not ACKed (acknowledged) in the expected time, the signal is resent.

What is reliable data transmission?

Reliable data transmission protocols (RDT, RDP) are algorithmic measures to ensure the reliable transmission of data over a network that may be subject to data loss and/or corruption.

Is reliable data transmission possible for an application?

What are acks and nacks?

An acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK) is a short message that the receiver sends to the sender to indicate whether a data packet was received correctly or incorrectly.

What is a pure NAK protocol?

In a NAK-only protocol, the loss of packet x is only detected by the receiver when packet x+1 is received. … Furthermore, if errors are infrequent, NAKs are sent only occasionally (when necessary), and ACKs are never sent—a significant reduction in feedback in the NAK-only case versus the ACK-only case.

Is reliable data transmission over UDP possible for an application?

udp as a protocol is not supposed to be reliable. It was designed to write applications that need speed, not reliability. But you can add reliability at your application layer. The application can send a message to the lower UDP layer when a packet was not received and the other end needs to retransmit.

In which of the following protocols does the sender receive a negative acknowledgment?

Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) is a data transmission error control mechanism that uses acknowledgments (or negative acknowledgments) and timeouts to achieve reliable data transmission over an unreliable communication link.